Governance

APCCA Rapporteurs

Rapporteurs are appointed based on the nomination of the Governing Board and endorsement by APCCA members. Rapporteurs serve the APCCA in roles set out by the Joint Declaration and do so for a fixed term of three years, which upon expiry may be extended once for a period of two years. A Rapporteur’s duties would be to prepare the Discussion Guide and compile the report for each annual conference and to serve as the secretary to the Governing Board meetings.

Emeritus Professor Neil Morgan AM

APCCA Rapporteur since 1997 | Emeritus Professor of Law | Justice Consultant

Neil has served as APCCA Rapporteur since 1997, bringing unparalleled expertise in criminal law, custodial oversight, and systemic justice reform. As Western Australia’s Independent Inspector of Custodial Services (2009–2019), he authored more than 100 reports to Parliament, covering prison safety, effectiveness, and the treatment of vulnerable groups.

Neil holds a First-Class Honours degree in Law from Oxford University, an MA in Criminology from the University of Sheffield, and a PhD (with Distinction) from the University of Western Australia (UWA), where he remains an Emeritus Professor of Law. He has held academic posts at Essex University and the National University of Singapore and continues to publish extensively on criminal law and sentencing, with a focus on justice issues affecting Aboriginal people, women, and youth.

A co-author of leading criminal law textbooks across South and Southeast Asia – including Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and India. In 2022, Neil was awarded the Order of Australia for his services to public administration and justice.

Ms Irene Morgan

APCCA Rapporteur since 2003 | Legal Policy and Correctional Reform Consultant

Irene has served as APCCA Rapporteur since 2003, following earlier voluntary contributions. With more than 30 years’ experience in legal policy, legislative reform, and correctional systems, she brings a deep understanding of justice administration and cross-cultural legal frameworks.

Irene holds an Honours Law degree from Essex University and a Master of Laws from the University of Western Australia. She is a former Senior Lecturer in Law at UWA, where she co-founded the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pre-Law Program and received an Excellence in Teaching Award. She has held senior legal policy roles in Western Australia’s Departments of Justice, Health, and Police, contributing to landmark reforms in public health, criminal justice, and emergency legislation.

Since 2015, Irene has worked independently as a Justice Consultant. Her projects have included national and international prison reform initiatives, such as reviews of prison education and reintegration services in Australia and a system-wide reform of the Kiribati prison service. She also co-authored Principles of Criminal Law: A Treatise on the Penal Code of Bhutan (2024), now informing legislative reform in Bhutan.

A Shared Commitment to Justice Reform

Together, Neil and Irene Morgan bring complementary expertise in legal education, public policy, correctional systems, and international collaboration. Both have served on Western Australia’s Parole Board and the Mentally Impaired Accused Review Board, and remain active as consultants, authors, and advisers.

A central part of their work is their longstanding service as Rapporteurs. They shape the organisation’s strategic direction by preparing the annual Discussion Guide, compiling the annual Conference Report, chairing business meetings, and serving as secretaries to the Governing Board. They advise host countries on conference planning and offer guidance to member jurisdictions on correctional reform and best practices.

Based in Western Australia, they continue to contribute to justice reform across the Asia-Pacific and beyond through this leadership role and their broader professional engagement.

APCCA Fund Administrator and the Finance Committee
Hong Kong (China) has been the APCCA Fund Administrator since 2002. It manages the APCCA Fund and prepares the annual financial report. There is a Finance Committee whose membership consists of the APCCA Fund Administrator, the current conference host, the two immediate prior hosts, and the two immediate future hosts. The management of the APCCA Fund and the appointments of the APCCA Fund Administrator and the Finance Committee are set out in the APCCA Joint Declaration.

APCCA Secretariat

The APCCA Secretariat’s position has been jointly held by Hong Kong (China) and Singapore since their election in 2002 under the APCCA Joint Declaration. The Secretariat’s position is reviewed every two years by the Governing Board.

According to the Joint Declaration, the APCCA Joint Secretariat will:

(a) be a focal contact point between the APCCA and its members, and between the APCCA and other individuals and organisations;

(b) maintain and distribute the APCCA materials and documents;

(c) publish and distribute the APCCA Newsletter based on contributions from member countries;

(d) manage and update the APCCA website;

(e) be the APCCA Fund Administrator to manage the APCCA Fund and prepare the annual Fund Report;

(f) prepare the annual Secretariat Report;

(g) Compile regional statistics based on data provided by member countries;

(h) Maintain and update the Members Directory and Email Contact List;

(i) implement the resolutions and exercise such powers as authorised by the Annual Conference and/or the Governing Board; and

(j) serve as the secretary to the Governing Board meetings in case the Rapporteur is not available.

Governing Board

The APCCA Governing Board is the governing body of the APCCA. It is responsible for managing and directing all activities relating to the purpose of the APCCA. The membership and duties of the Board are set out in APCCA Joint Declaration. The Board holds office from the end of the Annual Conference at which its composition is confirmed until the end of the next Annual Conference.

2024-2025

2025 Host Republic of Korea
3 immediate past hosts Hong Kong (China) (2024)
Vietnam (2023)
Singapore (2022)
3 future hosts Indonesia (2026)
Japan (2027)
China (2028)
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China (elected 2023)
Fiji (elected 2023)
Malaysia (elected 2022)
Sri Lanka (elected 2021)
3 rotating members Tonga
Thailand
Solomon Islands

2023-2024

2024 Host Hong Kong (China)
3 immediate past hosts Vietnam (2023)
Singapore (2022)
Republic of Korea (2021)
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China (elected in 2023)
Fiji (elected in 2023)
Malaysia (elected in 2022)
Sri Lanka (elected in 2021)
3 rotating members Brunei Darussalam
Australia
Vanuatu

2022-2023

2023 Host Vietnam
3 immediate past hosts Singapore (2022)
Republic of Korea (2021)
Mongolia (2019)
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Sri Lanka (2021)
China (elected in 2019)
Japan (elected in 2019)
*Australia was elected in 2018 and will therefore step down, leaving one vacancy.
3 rotating members Macao (China)
Cambodia
Canada

2021-2022

2022 Host Singapore
3 immediate past hosts Republic of Korea (2021)
Singapore (2020)
Mongolia (2019)
2023 host Vietnam
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Sri Lanka (elected in 2021)
China (elected in 2019)
Japan (elected in 2019)
Australia (elected in 2018)
3 rotating members Malaysia
India
Fiji

2020-2021

2021 Host Republic of Korea
3 immediate past hosts Mongolia (2019)
Malaysia (2018)
Fiji (2017)
2022 host Singapore
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China (elected in 2019)
Japan (elected in 2019)
Australia (elected in 2018)
Sri Lanka (elected in 2017)
3 rotating members Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Nauru

2019-2020

2020 Host Singapore
3 immediate past hosts Mongolia (2019)
Malaysia (2018)
Fiji (2017)
2021 host Republic of Korea
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China (elected in 2019)
Japan (elected in 2019)
Australia (elected in 2018)
Sri Lanka (elected in 2017)
3 rotating members Philippines
Papua New Guinea
Nauru

2018-2019

2019 Host Mongolia
3 immediate past hosts Malaysia (2018)
Fiji (2017)
China (2016)
2020 host Singapore
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Japan (elected in 2015)
Macao (China) (elected in 2015)
Sri Lanka (elected in 2017)
Australia (elected in 2018)
3 rotating members Vanuatu
Thailand
Solomon Islands

2017-2018

2018 Host Mongolia
3 immediate past hosts Fiji (2017)
China (2016)
Thailand (2015)
2019 host Mongolia
Secretary to the Governing Board Rapporteurs
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Sri Lanka(elected in 2017)
Korea (elected in 2016)
Japan (elected in 2015)
Macao (China)(elected in 2015)
3 rotating members Bangladesh
Australia
Vietnam

2016-2017

2017 Host Fiji
3 immediate past hosts China (2016)
Thailand (2015)
Canada (2014
2018 host Malaysia
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Malaysia
Japan
Macao
Korea
3 rotating members India
Cambodia
Brunei

2015-2016

2016 Host China
3 immediate past hosts Thailand (2015)
Canada (2014)
India (2013)
2017 host Fiji
2018 host TBC
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Australia
Malaysia
Japan
Macau
3 rotating members South Korea
Kiribati
Indonesia

2014-2015

2015 Host Thailand
3 immediate past hosts Canada (2014)
India (2013)
Brunei (2012)
2016 host China
2017 host Fiji
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Thailand
Australia
Malaysia
3 rotating members Solomon Islands
New Zealand
Mongolia

2013-2014

2014 Host Canada
3 immediate past hosts India (2013)
Brunei (2012)
Japan (2011)
2015 host Thailand
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Malaysia
Solomon Islands
Thailand
Australia
3 rotating members China
Vietnam
Sri Lanka

2012-2013

2013 Host India
3 immediate past hosts Brunei Darussalam (2012)
Japan (2011)
Canada (2010)
2014 host Canada
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China (elected in 2009)
Solomon Islands (elected in 2010)
Thailand (elected in 2011)
Australia (elected in 2012)
3 rotating members Indonesia
Fiji
Macao (China)

2011-2012

2012 Host Brunei
3 immediate past hosts Japan (2011)
Canada (2010)
Australia (2009)
2013 host India
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members India
China
Solomon Islands
Thailand
3 rotating members Malaysia
Kiribati
Korea

2010-2011

2011 Host Japan
3 immediate past hosts Canada (2010)
Australia (2009)
Malaysia (2008)
2012 host Brunei
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Japan
India
China
Solomon Islands
3 rotating members Thailand
New Zealand
Mongolia

2009-2010

2010 Host Canada
3 immediate past hosts Australia (2009)
Malaysia (2008)
Vietnam (2007)
2011 host Japan
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Japan
India
China
Solomon Islands
3 rotating members Cambodia
Brunei
Tonga

2008-2009

2009 Host (Chair) Western Australia
3 immediate past hosts Malaysia (2008)
Vietnam (2007)
New Zealand (2006)
2010 host Canada
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members China
Solomon Islands
Japan
India
3 rotating members Indonesia
Fiji
Macao (China)

2007-2008

2008 Host (Chair) Malaysia
3 immediate past hosts Vietnam (2007)
New Zealand (2006)
Korea (2005)
2009 host Australia
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Canada
China
Solomon Islands
Japan
3 rotating members Sri Lanka
Mongolia
Kiribati

2006-2007

2007 Host (Chair) Vietnam
3 immediate past hosts New Zealand (2006)
Korea (2005)
Singapore (2004 host and Secretariat)
2008 host Malaysia
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Canada
China
Solomon Islands
Japan
3 rotating members India
Fiji
Thailand

2005-2006

2006 Host (Chair) New Zealand
3 immediate past hosts Korea (2005)
Singapore (2004 host and Secretariat)
Hong Kong (China) (2003 Host and Secretariat)
2007 host Vietnam
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
4 elected members Canada
China
Japan
Indonesia
3 rotating members Australia
Brunei
Cambodia

2004-2005

2005 Host (Chair) Seoul, South Korea
3 immediate past hosts Singapore
Hong Kong
Indonesia
2006 host New Zealand
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Canada
China
Indonesia
Japan
Kiribati
Macao
New Zealand

2003-2004

2004 Host (Chair) Singapore
3 immediate past hosts Hong Kong
Indonesia
Thailand
2005 host Seoul, South Korea
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Canada
China
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
Mongolia
New Zealand
Thailand

2002-2003

2003 Host (Chair) Hong Kong
3 immediate past hosts Indonesia
Thailand
Australia
2004 host Singapore
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Canada
China
Japan
Sri Lanka
Philippines

2001-2002

2002 Host (Chair) Indonesia
3 immediate past hosts Thailand
Australia
China
2003 host Hong Kong
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Hong Kong
Singapore
Korea
New Zealand

2000-2001

2001 Host (Chair) Thailand
3 immediate past hosts Australia
China
Canada
2002 host Indonesia
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Indonesia
Fiji
Singapore
Korea
New Zealand

1999-2000

2000 Host (Chair) Australia
2 immediate past hosts China
Canada
2001 host Thailand
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia

1998-1999

1999 Host (Chair) China
Immediate past hosts Canada
2000 host Australia
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Australia
Fiji
Singapore

1997-1998

1998 Host (Chair) Canada
1999 Host China
APCCA Secretariat Hong Kong (China)
Singapore
Elected and Rotating Members Australia
India
Philippines